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GUIDELINES OF PROJECT BY CBSE

 During the academic session the students will work on at least three types of projects out of
which one will be of Comprehensive nature. The comprehensive project will involve the students from the initial stage of accounting to the preparation and analysis of financial statements. The data provided or the Project Statement will be as close to the real life situations as possible. The project statement should cover all important aspects like investments, financing, operating, adjustments to final accounts, etc. in a condensed form. The situations given in these problems will require a student to derive meaningful conclusion for taking decisions for the purposes of investment, expansion, financing, etc.
Two projects will be of specific nature using atleast one tool of analysis in each. The data for these will be drawn mainly from quarterly or half yearly or annual reports of corporate sector.

Students will analyze the information given in the financial statements as follows :
a) Performance of Segments keeping in mind their three parameters Revenue, Net Profit and Capital Employed of companies on quarterly or half yearly or annual basis. This is widely published and reported by the companies. It can be picked up either from the newspapers or from the websites of the companies.
b) Comparison of Revenue, Net Profit and Earning Per Share (EPS) on quarterly or half yearly or annual basis with the help of comparative or common size statements. The Projects given in these guidelines are on sample areas of business activities like Segment Reporting, etc. The teachers and students are free to explore more such areas of business activities for specific projects.

There are four tools of analysis given in the syllabus for the analysis of Financial Statements, namely (i) Comparative Statement, (ii) Common Size Statements, (iii) Ratios and (iv) Cash Flow Statement. Any one or more of these tools are to be used to derive conclusions. No project is to be prepared on the tools, but these tools are to be used to achieve the object of the project. For instance, there will not
be any project on the 'Ratios' as such, but ratios will be used in the development of the project to reach a conclusion.

Scope
For the purpose of Project Work, the following ratios will be included :
Liquidity Ratios : Current Ratio, Liquidity Ratio.
Solvency Ratios : Debt to Equity; Total Assets to Debt, Proprietary Ratio.
Activity Ratios : Inventory Turnover, Debtors Turnover, Payables Turnover, Working Capital Turnover, Fixed Assets Turnover, Current Assets Turnover.
Profitability Ratio : Gross Profit Ratio, Operating Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Return on Investment, Earning Per Share – Price Earnings Ratio.

A few projects have been given in detail at the end of the guidelines for practice. The student is expected to analyze the facts, and present the information in a meaningful manner for interpretation. Teachers are expected to discuss these problems thoroughly with the students and encourage them to come out with solutions. They are also expected to collect the quarterly or half yearly or annual Segment reports and Revenue and Net Profit reports of companies from newspapers or from the websites of the companies and formulate their own problems for Project Work.

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